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Questions? call tech support @ # above. Montiff Information Page on Taurine Taurine is included in MONTIFF ALL-BASIC formula and SUPER ANTIOXIDANT formula.   Each capsule contains: 500 mg of the purest highest quality Taurine.  TAURINE is also available as a powder. Low levels of Taurine in infants relate to retinal degeneration. Is found in large amounts in muscle tissue, and is the most abundant amino acid in the heart muscle. Is helpful in balancing calcium and potassium flux in heart muscle, and may be helpful in congestive heart failure. Is a Neuro-inhibitor and may be helpful with Epileptic individuals, and children with Attention Deficit Disorder. Has antioxidant properties. Is found almost exclusively in animal products, thus vegetarians are low in Taurine. DIRECTIONS: Take 1-3 capsules per day or as recommended by a health care professional. Pure Taurine should be taken with vitamins and minerals. MONTIFF VITA-MINZ PLUS is recommended. Powder equivalent is 1/4th level teaspoon for each capsule. WHAT IS TAURINE? Taurine is a sulfur amino acid that was originally named so, since it was first isolated in the bile of an ox (Taurus). Present in high concentrations in mammals, it is a conditionally essential amino acid in humans (and in cats) with many functions, although it does not enter into protein synthesis. It is necessary in proper neonatal, infant and child development, and deficiencies in developmental stages may be the cause of epilepsy, poor eyesight and other problems. Taurine is found in animal proteins, primarily in meat and milk (and especially high in human nursing- mother's milk). Because it is so important for human development, some baby formulas are enriched with Taurine. It is synthesized from Methionine and Cysteine, and Vitamin B-6 is necessary for proper metabolism, however, infants have a limited capacity to synthesize Taurine. A Pyridoxal 5' Phosphate (active B-6) deficiency decreases the amount synthesized and can cause low levels of Taurine. Zinc is also essential, and a zinc deficiency is associated with an increased excretion of Taurine. Taurine, Zinc, & Pyridoxal 5' Phosphate (active form of B-6) also work synergistically as antioxidants to protect cell membranes from free radical or toxic damage. A deficiency of both Taurine & Zinc may impair eyesight and low levels have been noted in epileptics. Since Taurine is not available in vegetable proteins, strict vegetarians may be low in this important amino acid. TAURINE AND HEART MUSCLE: There is a high concentration of Taurine in cardiac muscle tissue, and it controls the ionic (calcium/magnesium) flux, helps to prevent potassium loss, and has a protective function against myocardial injury and heart failure. It is involved with osmoregulation and regulates myocardial contractions. It also has both antiarrhythmic activity and hypotensive properties. Studies show that Taurine administered orally improves patients with congestive heart failure. ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES: Taurine protects against damage to cells from toxic compounds, including carbon tetrachloride, hydrazine, and 1,4-naphthoqunone. Low levels of Taurine, may lead to liver damage from exposure to these chemicals. Taurine works along with Zinc in its antioxidant activities, helping to trap hydroxy radicals and acting as a radioprotective mechanism in protecting healthy cell membranes from free radical damage. NEUROLOGICAL FUNCTIONS: Taurine is important for brain development, and insufficient amounts in the growth stage may cause neurological problems later on. It is involved in the maintenance of cerebella function, acts as a modulator of neuronal excitability and neurotransmitter function, and has anticonvulsant properties. EPILEPSY Taurine, like GABA, provides neuroinhibitory activity to the Central Nervous System. Zinc and Taurine deficiencies have been noted in epileptics as well as low levels of GABA. Increasing Taurine levels may help diminish seizures in Epileptics, as well as other seizure disorders.   TAURINE AND BILE FUNCTION Taurine is a key component of bile, which is necessary for lipid metabolism and regulating cholesterol. By influencing bile acid conjugation, it has an effect on gallstone formation. It also protects the liver through proper regulation of the bile function, as well as its antioxidant effects.   CYSTIC FIBROSIS Fat malabsorption is a problem in Cystic Fibrosis; therefore, Taurine may be an adjunct to conventional therapies in helping with lipid metabolism and benefiting those with CF. This was noted in a medical study published in the Am. J. Dis. Child. 1991.   EYE FUNCTION High levels of Taurine, which regulates osmotic pressure, are generally found in the retina. A deficiency in Taurine, as well as zinc, may lead to degeneration of the photoreceptive cells and impaired vision associated with retinitis pigmentosa. For those with this disorder, a suggested dosage of 1-1.5 grams of Taurine (2-3 capsules) along with 800 IU of Vitamin E per day may improve visual acuity. Human milk contains high levels of Taurine, and when infants on Taurine-free parental nutrition were studied, retinal disturbances were noted. Supplementation with Taurine prevented or reversed these retinal problems. WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF MONTIFF PURE TAURINE? Montiff supplies the highest quality Taurine in 500 mg. capsules, for quick assimilation. Taurine is also included in the following Montiff formulations: Super Antioxidant Formula, Cardio-Care, Cir-Cu-Care, B-Complete, B-Long, Vita-Minz Plus, All-Basic Amino Acid Formula, and Super Sports Amino Acid Formula. REFERENCES: Latifi, Rifat MD, Amino Acids in Critical Care and Cancer, 1994. Balch, J. M.D., Balch, P., C.N.C., Prescription for Nutritional Healing, 1997. Di Pasquale, M, Amino Acids and Proteins for the Athlete, the Anabolic Edge, 1997. Smith, Lacaille, Lepage, Ronco, Lamarre, Roy, "Taurine Decreases Fecal Fatty Acid and Sterol Excretion in Cystic Fibrosis", Am. J. Dis. Child., 1991. Lombardini, JB, "Taurine Retinal Function", Brain Res. Rev., 1991. Lomdardini, JB, "Recent Studies of Taurine on Taurine in the Central Nervous System", Adv. Exp. Med. Biol., 1992. Azuma, Savamura, Awata, et al.; "Double-blind Crossover Trial of Taurine

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Glossary

Column

Amino Acids - are the building blocks of protein. Your body is primarily made of protein.  And protein in turn, is made up of chains of amino acids What distinguishes all amino acids is that they all have a group, (amine group), made of 1 atom of nitrogen & 2 atoms of hydrogen. (NH₂)

Free-Form Amino Acids - Individual amino acids that are  unattached to each other or anything else & therefore able to be immediately absorbed into the blood stream with no digestion necessary. Since, unlike proteins, free-form amino acids require absolutely no digestion, they can be absorbed by anyone no matter how old they may be or the condition of their digestive system.  Also, unlike proteins, free-form amino acids can be taken on an empty stomach such as right before a workout.  Whereas proteins have to have a mass of food sufficient to stimulate the release of digestive juices. This is why most protein supplements are presented as blender drinks.  Free-form amino acids are not to be confused with so-called "predigested protein." which is not really predigested but actually partially digested.

Negative nitrogen balance - The condition of excreting more amino acids & protein than one is taking in. This makes it difficult to maintain ones body since the body's tissues are mainly made of protein & amino acids which require constant maintenance & repair.

Precursors - the substance from which another substance is made.

Protein - Chains of some combination of the 20 so-called "proteogenic" amino acids. (proteogenic means to generate protein). In other words their are only 20  amino acids from which all proteins in all organic life both animal & vegetable are made. Not all 20 are in every protein, but nothing else but some portion of the 20 proteogenic amino acids in repetitive long chains often approx. 100,000 amino acids long are what all proteins in all life are made from.

Secretalogical cells - Cells that secrete hormones.